Skip to content
Canada country education profile

Canada Education Statistics 2026: Data, Charts & Rankings

Canada’s 2026 education profile uses the latest available source years rather than 2026 estimates. The dataset combines OECD 2024 attainment rankings, PISA 2022 achievement scores, OECD and World Bank/UIS 2022 spending indicators, UNDP 2023 schooling years, and Statistics Canada 2023/2024 enrolment counts.

Country: Canada Latest source years: 2022–2024 Main sources: OECD, CMEC, World Bank, UNDP, Statistics Canada Coverage: country profile plus OECD rankings

Executive Snapshot

Headline values are source-year values. Rank labels refer only to the source coverage shown for each indicator.

Tertiary attainment, ages 25–64
64.7%
Rank 1/40 in OECD and partner systems with data, 2024.
Tertiary attainment, ages 25–34
68.9%
Rank 2/40 in OECD and partner systems with data, 2024.
PISA science score
515
30 points above the OECD average in PISA 2022.
Public school students
5.5m
Canadian public elementary and secondary schools, 2023/2024.
Education investment
5.5% GDP
Primary to tertiary education investment, OECD 2022.
Expected schooling
15.9 years
UNDP Human Development Report 2025, reference year 2023.

Canada vs OECD Average in PISA 2022

Mean scores for 15-year-old students in mathematics, reading, and science.

Canada scored above the OECD average in all three PISA 2022 domains; the largest gap shown here is reading at 31 score points.

Chart analysis
  • Science is Canada’s highest PISA 2022 score at 515 points.
  • Reading shows the widest Canada-OECD gap in this chart: 507 versus 476.
  • Mathematics is 25 points above the OECD average, using PISA 2022 scale scores.
  • Scores are assessment-year values, not annual education statistics.

Canada Education Indicator Matrix

Sortable country-profile table covering attainment, achievement, spending, schooling years, enrolment, and instruction time.

RankIndicatorCanada valueComparison or rankingYearSourceNote
1Tertiary attainment, ages 25–6464.7%Rank 1/402024OECD Education GPSOECD and partner systems with available data.
2Tertiary attainment, ages 25–3468.9%Rank 2/402024OECD Education GPSYoung-adult attainment measure.
3Short-cycle tertiary attainment, ages 25–3423.3%Rank 1/282024OECD Education GPSShort-cycle tertiary category only.
4Below upper secondary attainment, ages 25–646.4%Rank 36/392024OECD Education GPSLow reported share among OECD and partner systems.
5PISA mathematics score497 points25 points above OECD average2022OECD PISA / CMECCanada was outperformed by eight countries or economies in mathematics.
6PISA reading score507 points31 points above OECD average2022OECD PISA / CMECOnly five participating countries had higher reading scores than Canada.
7PISA science score515 points30 points above OECD average2022OECD PISA / CMECSix participating countries had higher science scores than Canada.
8PISA mathematics Level 2 or above78%OECD average: 69%2022CMEC PISA reportBaseline mathematics proficiency threshold.
9PISA reading Level 2 or above82%OECD average: 74%2022CMEC PISA reportBaseline reading proficiency threshold.
10PISA science Level 2 or above85%OECD average: 76%2022CMEC PISA reportBaseline science proficiency threshold.
11Government expenditure per student, primary to post-secondary non-tertiaryUSD 14,381Equivalent USD PPP2022OECD Education at a Glance 2025Full-time equivalent student basis.
12Government expenditure per tertiary studentUSD 13,684OECD average: USD 15,1022022OECD Education at a Glance 2025Tertiary measure includes R&D.
13Education investment, primary to tertiary5.5% of GDPOECD average: 4.7%2022OECD Education at a Glance 2025Institutional education investment measure.
14Government expenditure on education4.8% of GDPWorld Bank / UIS series2022World Bank WDIGeneral government expenditure on education as a share of GDP.
15Compulsory instruction time, primary921 hoursOECD average: 804 hours2025OECD Education at a Glance 2025Annual compulsory instruction time.
16Compulsory instruction time, lower secondary924 hoursOECD average: 909 hours2025OECD Education at a Glance 2025Annual compulsory instruction time.
17Expected years of schooling15.9 yearsHDI component2023UNDP HDR 2025Years a child can expect under current enrolment patterns.
18Mean years of schooling13.9 yearsHDI component2023UNDP HDR 2025Adults aged 25 and older.
19Human Development Index0.939HDI rank 162023UNDP HDR 2025HDI is not an education-only metric.
20Public elementary and secondary enrolment5.5 million studentsNational public schools2023/2024Statistics CanadaPublic schools only.
21Public college and university enrolment2.3 million studentsPublic postsecondary institutions2023/2024Statistics CanadaPublic colleges and universities.
Table analysis
  • Tertiary attainment is Canada’s strongest OECD ranking in this matrix: 64.7% for ages 25–64, rank 1/40.
  • Canada’s 25–34 tertiary attainment rate is 68.9%, rank 2/40 in OECD Education GPS coverage.
  • PISA 2022 scores place Canada above the OECD average in mathematics, reading, and science.
  • The two GDP spending indicators are not identical: OECD reports primary-to-tertiary investment at 5.5% of GDP, while the World Bank/UIS government expenditure series reports 4.8% of GDP.
  • Statistics Canada enrolment counts are academic-year counts, not OECD ranking values.
  • UNDP schooling years are HDI component values and should not be read as school quality scores.

Spending Trend Since 2000

World Bank/UIS annual government expenditure on education as a share of GDP, shown at selected anchor years.

Government Education Expenditure as % of GDP

Selected World Bank/UIS observations for Canada.

The selected series moves from 5.4% of GDP in 2000 to 4.8% in 2022, a change of -0.6 percentage points.

Trend analysis
  • The latest World Bank/UIS value shown is 4.8% of GDP in 2022.
  • The selected 2000 and 2010 anchor points both report 5.4% of GDP.
  • The 2015 to 2022 movement is small in this selected view: 4.7% to 4.8%.
  • The chart uses selected anchor years and does not show every annual observation.
Trend indicatorStart valueStart yearLatest valueLatest yearChangeSource
Government expenditure on education, % of GDP5.4%20004.8%2022-0.6 percentage pointsWorld Bank WDI / UIS
Government expenditure on education, % of GDP4.7%20154.8%2022+0.1 percentage pointsWorld Bank WDI / UIS
Government expenditure per student, primary to tertiaryUSD 14,6892015USD 15,4362022+USD 747OECD Education at a Glance 2025
Education share of public budgets11.6%201510.4%2022-1.2 percentage pointsOECD Education at a Glance 2025
Table analysis
  • The World Bank/UIS GDP-share series shows a lower latest value than the OECD primary-to-tertiary investment measure because the indicators use different definitions.
  • OECD reports that per-student expenditure rose from USD 14,689 in 2015 to USD 15,436 in 2022.
  • The education share of public budgets declined from 11.6% to 10.4% between 2015 and 2022.

OECD Attainment Ranking Signals

Selected 2024 OECD Education GPS indicators where Canada has reported ranking information.

Selected Attainment Rates

Canada values, 2024, in percent.

The chart mixes attainment categories, so rankings should be read indicator by indicator rather than as a single scale.

Attainment indicatorCanada valueRankCoverageYearInterpretation scope
Tertiary attainment, ages 25–6464.7%140 systems2024OECD and partner systems with available data.
Tertiary attainment, ages 25–3468.9%240 systems2024Young-adult attainment comparison.
Short-cycle tertiary attainment, ages 25–3423.3%128 systems2024Short-cycle tertiary category.
Bachelor’s or equivalent tertiary, ages 25–3431.3%837 systems2024Bachelor’s or equivalent degree category.
Below upper secondary attainment, ages 25–646.4%3639 systems2024Low share of adults below upper secondary education.
Data analysis
  • Canada ranks 1/40 for tertiary attainment among adults aged 25–64 in the OECD Education GPS extract.
  • The 25–34 tertiary attainment rate is higher than the 25–64 rate: 68.9% versus 64.7%.
  • Short-cycle tertiary attainment is a separate category and should not be added to bachelor’s attainment without source-level definitions.
  • The below-upper-secondary row uses a low-share indicator; rank 36/39 reflects Canada’s low reported share, not weak performance.

PISA Ranking Evidence

Canada’s PISA 2022 results are reported for participating countries and economies only.

PISA domainCanada scoreOECD averageCanada gapHigher-scoring systemsLevel 2 or aboveYear
Mathematics497472+25878%2022
Reading507476+31582%2022
Science515485+30685%2022
Assessment analysis
  • Canada’s largest subject gap over the OECD average is reading, at +31 score points.
  • Science has the highest Canada score in the three-domain table: 515.
  • The “higher-scoring systems” column is not a full rank table; it reports how many participating systems exceeded Canada in the CMEC report.
  • PISA scores describe tested 15-year-old students in 2022 and do not measure every part of the education system.

Reading the Canada Profile

The main interpretation limits are source year, metric definition, and population coverage.

Attainment Strength

OECD 2024 attainment data place Canada near the top of reported tertiary attainment measures, especially for adults aged 25–64 and short-cycle tertiary education among ages 25–34.

Achievement Position

PISA 2022 shows Canada above the OECD average in mathematics, reading, and science. These are assessment scores for 15-year-old students, not annual curriculum results.

Spending Definition

OECD and World Bank spending values differ because the OECD indicator is institution-focused across primary to tertiary education, while the World Bank/UIS series reports general government education expenditure as a share of GDP.

Scale and Enrolment

Statistics Canada reports 5.5 million students in public elementary and secondary schools in 2023/2024 and 2.3 million enrolments in public colleges and universities in 2023/2024.

Source and Methodology

OECD attainment source Values and ranks for tertiary attainment, below upper secondary attainment, and related indicators use OECD Education GPS: Canada overview.
OECD spending source Per-student spending, GDP-share investment, public-budget share, and compulsory instruction time use OECD Education at a Glance 2025: Canada.
PISA source PISA scores, OECD averages, Level 2 shares, and ranking evidence use CMEC, Measuring Up: Canadian Results of the OECD PISA 2022 Study and OECD PISA reporting.
World Bank / UIS source The government expenditure trend uses World Bank WDI indicator SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS, sourced from UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
UNDP source HDI rank, expected years of schooling, and mean years of schooling use UNDP Human Development Report 2025 statistical annex.
Statistics Canada source Elementary-secondary enrolment uses Statistics Canada, Elementary and secondary education 2023/2024; postsecondary enrolment uses Statistics Canada, Postsecondary enrolments and graduates 2023/2024.

Values are reported as published by the named sources and rounded to the displayed precision. OECD ranks are limited to OECD and partner systems with available data for the named indicator. PISA rankings are limited to participating countries and economies in the 2022 assessment. The World Bank/UIS trend uses selected anchor years from the annual series and is not a forecast.

Methodological Safety Note

Canada’s education ranking depends on the selected indicator. Tertiary attainment, PISA scores, spending shares, enrolment counts, and schooling years measure different parts of the system and should not be merged into a single education score. No 2026 values are estimated here.

📌

Complete guide: Country Profiles